3 Pages. Here her husbands new power as the next manager of the bank, or her own sense of power derived from her husbands new appointment, has considerably diminished her fear of Krogstad and aroused a feeling of self-confidence in her. The image of a nerve stimulus in sounds (Kaufmann 45). It represents Noras hope for a new beginning and a fresh start. The Christmas tree, which we here see only for a moment, establishes both the time of the year and Noras involvement in her familys well-being. A significant symbol in A Doll's House by Henrik Ibsen are the macaroons that show up several times within the course of the play because it shows that Nora is not truthful to Torvald and that their household is tangled up in a web of deceit. A Doll's House, by Henrik Ibsen, portrays a young married woman, Nora, who plays a dramatic role of deception and . He shows how women were confined to the home and expected to fulfill a domestic role. The macaroons, Tarantella dance, and Christmas tree are a few of the symbols. | The play focuses on the seemingly happy Helmers, Nora and Torvald, who appear to have an ideal life. Though A Doll's House is not only realistic, but a naturalistic drama, Ibsen has made extensive use of symbolism in its setting, the use of imagery, and even in actions. The final time Nora lies is when she confesses to Torvald about borrowing the money. Both are widows, but Blanche is desperate to remarry [], The tragedy in A Streetcar Named Desire can be interpreted through the medium of not just watching it, but reading it. Through Ibsen's use of symbols such as macaroons, pet names, and the Tarantella, such symbols help convey and compare the roles of men and women within the nineteenth century. Beyond that, however, it can be seen as being directly symbolic of Nora. Like the setting, the props in the scenes are also symbolically significant. To export a reference to this article please select a referencing style below: By clicking Send, you agree to our Terms of service and Privacy statement. Nora is the doll to which the title of the play refers. They had no autonomy or control over their own lives. Just as a child gets bored with their toy and moves on to something else, Nora feels that she has outgrown Torvald and no longer wants to be his doll. But this is not before her one last attempt to cover her secret. But its just nonsense! He does so by pointing out the speech in which Rank expresses that despite his illness he wants to live. When Nora rehearses the Tarantella, she is wearing a long coloured shawl: but for the actual performance of the Tarantella at the party she wears a big black shawl over her fancy-dress. This has the added attraction of turning her into his own creation, for she radiates exactly the colors that most enhance his life (Meyer 49). While the apparent meaning lies on the surface, the symbolic meaning is often hidden from view because it lies deeper. As she discards her illusions, so she discards her fancy-dress and her black cloak and shawl, and appears in her everyday dressto symbolize her entry into a world of cold fact and commonsense (Northam 107). Symbols as small as Nora eating macaroons, the tarantella dance, and the Christmas tree to as broad as New Year's. The macaroons and the tarantella reveal Nora's personality and her character. Christian, Mary. And what we know from Greek tragedy and Shakespearean tragedy is that the hero is always partly trapped by forces from without. Within Henrik Ibsen's masterpiece play A Doll's House contains the complex character of Nora Helmer. Indeed, the final scene produced the door slam heard around the world and the play is still the object of debate today. - symbolizes family happiness and unity - the joy Nora takes in making her home pleasant and attractive - At the beginning of Act Two, the tree has been stripped and the candles burned out Words: 1014. He is a dying man who has inherited his physical illness from his father. At this point in the play she still believes in the illusions of her dolls house and one of these illusions is that Torvald will take the blame for the crime she committed when she forged her fathers signature. It represents the stifling confines of Noras life as a wife and mother. Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does. Act I Act II In Henrik Ibsen's "A Doll's House", Nora's closeness with the stove reflects reflects her constant efforts to escape her guilt of hiding her secret and the imposition of gender role placed upon her by the society. At the beginning read analysis of The Christmas Tree Macaroons Throughout the dramatic action of the play it is shown that within her marriage, Nora suffers from emotional trauma at the hands of her husband who infantilizes her and misunderstands her motives for doing things to save him and his family. The development of Nora's character relies greatly on Ibsen's use of symbols such as the use of the Christmas tree and even the title to explore Nora's role as a womanand a wife. And so Noras frantic struggle against fate is represented through a symbolic action, through the rapid movements of the Tarantella which was traditionally a dance performed by those who had been stung by the tarantula, a poisonous spider. In the Helmer's household, as it reflects Nora's position as the 'doll' in Torvald's doll house. Symbolism in The Doll's House Katherine Mansfield's The Doll's House, clearly illustrates the symbolic journey of Kezia as she wanders in her childhood purity. The macaroons that Nora eats and Helmer prohibits her from eating stand for her innocence, childishness and happy-go-lucky nature (or rather appearance). The tree is initially decorated with beautiful trimmings and balls, but by the end of the play, it is stripped of its ornaments and left bare. If the beginning of the play is full of such images of life, love, luxury and harmony, the second and third acts bring in a number of images that have negative meanings, Towards the end of the play; we see the images of Nora's black shawl, Dr. Rank's visiting cards with black crosses on them, and the open door and the darkness outside which we can easily imagine as Nora leaves the room. First, he refers to her as my little lark in the first act. Summary. Henrik Ibsen's A Doll's House is an exploration of the difficulty of obtaining and sustaining individuality in a constricting society that revolves around fixed stereotypes. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. She then strikes a match and holds it close to Doctor Rank who lights his cigar at it. ; but also a husband who has such an essentially false idea of happiness between man and woman, that it has practically undermined this delightful home, and it is ready to fall in, at any moment (Lord 96). He speaks Nora aboutmothers who are constitutional liars, who infect their children withthe germs of evil, reinforcing the work of heredity. It directly relates to Dr. Ranks notion that he will be invisible at the next masquerade party by wearing a large black cloakyouve heard of the invisible cloak, havent you? (Ibsen 274). The macaroons also symbolize Nora's childlike innocence and her need for sweetness in her life. Struggling with distance learning? Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. Nora and Torvald are first presented as the ideal couple, with their marriage being . The Christmas Tree The Christmas tree, a festive object meant to serve a decorative purpose, symbolizes Nora's position in her household as a plaything who is pleasing to look at and adds charm to the home. When Nora enters at the beginning of the play, she is bringing home a Christmas tree, a symbol of a festival focused on the renewal of life and family happiness. It relates to open possibilities and to closed possibilities; it relates to the possibility of change and the impossibility of change; it relates to a sense of choices made freely and it relates to choices determined by heredity and by social compulsions. This play helps shine a light on the gender roles of the 1800s while also creating a twist that was uncommon for this period. Williams achieves this through the use of stage directions written in poetic prose, which create imagery with likeness to a novel. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. While going away, Doctor Rank leaves his visiting cards with the black crosses over his printed name. As a hardcore literary lover, I am pursuing my dream by writing notes and articles related to Literature. She wears the dress not because she wants to but in order to please her husband. Additionally, the Christmas tree represents Nora and Torvalds relationship. Ibsen is first and foremost a poet; to the point where even his prose sounds like poetry. But, when Nora does her last dance at the ball upstairs, she wears a black shawl which she consciously links with death when she talks to Dr. Rank about death. A Doll's House, Decision Making, Symbolism. The playwright uses symbolism to represent the complexities of rules that govern behaviour of women in that period, and characterization to contrast the actions of husband and wife, Nora and Helmer. Please note! Privacy and Cookie Policy This paper will discuss symbolism in Ibsens A Dolls House. Nora's understanding of the meaning of freedom evolves over the course of the play. This is an explanation of what he sees her as which is also the title a doll (Act 1).In another instant, he refers to her as a squirrel which is a reference . The impact of the door slam is still being heard today. Reverberation is not only the sound created by the slam of the door but is the word the reader sees in the last sentence of the play. Ibsens writing creates the necessity to see every word, nuance and stage direction as symbolic. The main character is perceived as an object, just like a shiny Christmas tree. In the first Act, Nora is portrayed as the ultimate housewife, completely domesticated and living a life of self-sacrifice for her husband and three young children. Then there is the Christmas tree which we see at the beginning of Act I. then towards the close of Act I, and then again at the beginning of Act II. It is common for authors and playwrights to use their works as a commentary on the society in which they are created. Nora is the main character in the play A Doll's House as well as its overall sense of inability and its decisions that seem to be bold at the first notice but become more logical when context and culture are . Ibsen makes use of symbolism in A Dolls House chiefly as a means of character-revelation Ibsen always said that he aimed at drawing living creatures, and that any symbolism was purely incidental. When Nora feels excessive happy, he calls her skylark or songbird. He was diagnosed with tuberculosis and he secretly loves Nora Helmer. Her action of making up the fire is the remedy of escaping from her fear of Krogstad's visit and the discomfort of her mind. When the bird is caged, it is a metaphor for how Nora feels restricted in her marriage. Henrik Ibsen's play, A Doll's House is fraught with symbols that represent abstract ideas and concepts. This, of course, had an impact on the theater. While both have different symbols, they both portray the women protagonists in the story, its meanings changing over time. In the play A Doll House, Henrik Ibsen writes about the typical European marriage in the 19th century with the twist of a metaphorical comparison of the Helmer's marriage and their home to a doll house. (including. One is the bite of Krogstad, a kind of snake, and the other is the injury of Helmer's oppression in the name of love. The macaroons that Nora eats represent her childlike innocence and playfulness. The macaroons appear again at least twice. A Doll's House Gender Roles. The macaroons represent deception in Noras case, which also refers to her act of doing unspeakable things behind peoples backs.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'studyboss_com-box-4','ezslot_8',107,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-studyboss_com-box-4-0'); Noras act of lying about the macaroons can also be interpreted as a symbol for the greater secrets she is hiding from her husband, such as her previous loan and her forbidden night walks. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. Set in Norway in the 1800s, Henrik Ibsen's play, A Doll's House, is a memorable text that challenges the patriarchal society of that era. A Doll House: Symbolism In Henrik Ibsen's A Doll House, there is plenty of symbolism that helps the play to move forward. At the end the symbolic action of Noras slamming the door and stepping out symbolizes the woman emancipation from the chain and revolutionary step emerges as a new woman with individual identity and self-dignity. Symbolism in A Doll's House Symbols are used universally to arouse interest to something prosaic and to stimulate the mind. For example, the house itself is a symbol. It is also a symbol of the holiday season, which is typically a time when people are happier and more generous.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[320,100],'studyboss_com-large-mobile-banner-1','ezslot_1',113,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-studyboss_com-large-mobile-banner-1-0'); To export a reference to this article please select a referencing style below: Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The Stove symbolizes Nora's emotional and physical warmth. Henrik Ibsen 's extensive use of symbols is applied to capture the reader's attention. Ranksillness, tuberculosis of the spine, is used by Ibsen as a symbol of the deteriorating backbone of society. These symbols act as foretelling before the tragic events at the end of the play, as they show the problems which lead to the demise of the Helmer's 'perfect' family life. Ibsen makes use of symbolism in A Doll's House chiefly as a means of character-revelation Ibsen always said that he aimed at drawing living creatures, and that any symbolism was purely incidental. Similarly, stage props are used to show the agony of a character's dilemma. a cabinet with After all, what are words if they arent symbols? The. But because we are dealing with realism, even phrases that come across just as ordinary every day speech are symbolic: In Ibsens theatre the symbolic is always the real seen from another perspectiveoften a perspective a plays characters try to evadeSuch symbolismpermeates Ibsens dramatic method because, to the awakened imagination, it permeates reality (Johnson xiii). Nora goes back to lying about consuming the macaroons because she feels responsible for her disobedience. By clicking Continue, you agree to our terms of service and privacy policy. Actually there is no cause of doing so. The tree is seen only briefly but for long . In the first act, she believes that she will be totally "free" as soon as she has repaid her debt, because she will have the opportunity to devote herself fully to her domestic responsibilities. In the beginning of the play, she is wearing a fur cape and a fancy dress. Usually, it is pretty easy to miss those minor signs during the first reading. The image of the Christmas tree symbolizes life, and the images of stove, fire, candles also symbolize warmth and comfort. These symbols successfully illustrate the conflicts that are going on between each of the characters. Therefore we can see that Ibsens realism contributed to the demystification of Western civilization. Symbolism is your prospective of looking at an object or event. "She slips the bag of macaroons in her pocket and wipes her mouth.". She is not able to fully express herself and feels trapped. The movement toward realism, which, like the 19th century in general, was an attempt to become more scientific. Pages: 2. Symbolism in A Doll's House . This similarly relates to the image of a caged bird and the metaphor of the doll's house, making Nora a pet or a toy being held captive in a small, claustrophobic environment where their owner uses them for their own pleasure. Noras costume is also significant. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. She implies that his declaration of love was a deed of darkness, even though she had been prepared to exploit that darkness for her own purposes. Henrik Ibsens play A Dolls House is full of symbols that represent abstract ideas and concepts. Perhaps, as his notes state, he was looking for a modern tragic hero. Sorry, we could not paraphrase this essay. In fact it seems as if Dr. Rank and Nora are having a symbolic conversation above Torvalds head right before Ranks final exit. But one must keep in mind that every phrase and every nuance can be mined for symbolism. Thus here too the Christmas tree gives us a peep into the state of mind of Nora. The dollhouse in the short story The Doll's House is repeatedly talked about throughout the story and it has a special significance that is more than just a regular "dollhouse" toy. In Ibsen's "A Doll's House", the Christmas tree is a centrally important stage property used to symbolize Nora's duplicity, reflect the disintegration of the facade of the perfect marriage as well as the fate of the Helmer family, and mirror Nora's self-image. The macaroons, the stove in the room and the description of the room itself, the Tarantella, the Christmas tree, the lighted lamp, the black shawl, the disease, the birds- all these have a symbolic significance. The black crosses here are symbolic of Doctor Ranks death which is now imminent. In reality, a persons idea of work can differ from the kind of work actually done. Or course, Nora doesnt have a similar room because she is kept in the main room with china objects and various bric-a-brac (Ibsen 234). What a fine symbol of dejection (Northam 103). Henrik Ibsen's play, A Doll's House is fraught with symbols that represent abstract ideas and concepts. Even after Torvald has found out the truth, Nora still tries to downplay it by saying that she only borrowed a little bit of money.(60). They wish for each other that they might both sleep well, and it takes no in-depth symbolic mining to realize that they are talking about death. At the beginning of Act I, we just see the tree and then it is taken away by the maid who is asked by Nora to hide it. a stove, two easy chairs and a rocking-chair . She had been planning to ask Doctor Rank for money, but had been prevented from doing so by his declaration of love. Thus Ibsen makes use of a symbolic device to establish the emotional state of a character. Symbols are objects, characters, figures, or colors used to represent abstract ideas or concepts. Noras dancing at this time heightens the pathos and irony of Noras situation. By continuing well assume you board with our cookie policy. Ibsen is considered by many as the father of realism, and one of the plays that belong to Ibsens realism period is A Dolls House. At the very opening of the play, Nora is described as eating one or two macaroons, taking care at the same to hide the bag of macaroons from being seen by her husband. And if the visual representation of Noras desire to repress her problems is not obvious enough, then her conversation with herself while she is dressing the tree creates an undeniably powerful effect: Well put a candle hereand some flowers herethat dreadful man! A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen is perhaps one of the most hotly debated plays to come out of the 19th century. Power over her, he is the only one with a key, controls everything coming in and out. The house also symbolizes the power imbalance between husband and wife, with Torvald having complete control over Nora and her movements. 1207 Words5 Pages. But this is the beauty of drama and poetry. GradesFixer. But Torvalds taste in furnishings is symbolic of the kind of man he is: Helmer goes in for outward show and window dressingfor the charm that promises excitement. Similarly, after Doctor Rank has declared his love for her, she walks over to the stove saying: Oh, dear Doctor Rank, this is really horrid of you !. Henrik Ibsens A Dolls House and Molieres Tartuffe are two [], In An Inspector Calls, J.B. Priestley expresses the importance of the interconnected nature of society through his exploration of how his characters react to their responsibility; this theme is also addressed through ideas of society present both at the time of writing and when the play was [], There are drastic differences that are seen in people who are born in different generations. It is the symbol of what lies buried in humans that is numinous. She goes across the room and touches the stove. But the play would come to be noted for more reasons than its style. He accepts the fact that he is dying and doesn't try and change it. Id love to hear from you. Needless to say, the secret that Nora has been so desperately trying to keep from her husband has to come out. The calling card marked with a black cross. Contact Us Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. . The title A Doll's house is a strong and the most effective metaphorical symbol used by Ibsen in portraying how Nora is controlled and played with byshow more content In conclusion, one can see that an interpretation of symbols in Ibsen can be achieved at different levels. A Doll's House Symbols Next The Christmas Tree The Christmas Tree The Christmas tree is delivered in Nora's flurry of excitement for Christmas. However, the Christmas tree is more than just a festive . And indeed, Ibsens stage directions call for a powerful slam of the door. There is no real need for Nora to touch the stove but her action reveals the state of her mind. The broken and barren tree symbolizes the destruction of the life-force, the happiness and spirit of Nora's mind. |, Copyright www.bachelorandmaster.com All Rights Reserved. Needlework. A few of the symbols are the Christmas tree, the Tarantella and . This study guide and infographic for Henrik Ibsen's A Doll's House offer summary and analysis on themes, symbols, and other literary devices found in the text. But like Dr. Ranks disease, the reality of her troubles will remain and finally, through the events in the play, will out. The way the content is organized, Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. She wants to keep the secrecy of loan from Helmer's knowledge likewise, when Dr. Rank declares his love to her, she walks over the stove. For example, the house itself is a symbol. Probably the most sober, though often drunk, character in the play is Dr. Rank. The simple explicit message is that the tree coveys to readers that Christmas is approaching. We use cookies to personalyze your web-site experience. The name of the play itself 'A Doll's House' is symbolic in itself. These symbols effectively illustrate the characters inner conflicts. In the literary work credited to Henrik Ibsen, A Doll's House, a clear distinction between the gender roles of Torvald and Nora Helmer was established through symbols. And who could be more trapped by outside forces than a wife and mother in a Victorian household: A woman cannot be herself in contemporary society, it is an exclusively male society with laws drafted by men, and with counsel and judges who judge feminine conduct from the male point of view (Ibsen 90). My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class.. The writer plays with the words in order that they may convey to the reader what meanings they may symbolize. At the end of the play Nora feels, following her husbands lead before he finds out that Krogstad will no longer be a threat, that she is a threat to her children. The freezing black water. This road is used in the wizard of oz for dorothy. The bird is also a symbol in A Dolls House because it represents Noras children. However, it is this incidental symbolism (or, visual suggestion) which helps him in his delineation of the characters. The setting is also symbolic of Torvald, who may be considered as the quintessential Victorian man. The Christmas tree is another key symbol in the play. Overall, the variety of symbols throughout A Doll's House helps readers better understand the reason behind the ending. Here (in Act II) she seeks mental comfort from the stove in her state of mental disturbance caused by Doctor Ranks unexpected declaration of his love and the consequent giving up by her of her original plan to ask Doctor Rank for money and pay off the balance to Krogstad. All rights reserved. Henrik Ibsen's play, A Doll's House is fraught with symbols that represent abstract ideas and concepts. Another symbol in A Dolls House is the Christmas tree. But inversely, it represents a little piece of soul that carries all the knowledge of the larger soul-Self. A few of the symbols are the Christmas tree, the Tarantella and even Nora herself. That action also symbolically represents the modem (late nineteenth century European) woman's revolutionary step of seeking challenge, identity and dignity at the cost of some risk. A variety of symbols/ He uses locks and doors, the tarentella dance and the christmas tree are used to/to establish the key themes of oppression and claustrophobia in the play. Thus Nora here implies that Doctor Ranks declaration of love was an objectionable proceeding on his part and one which could be acted out only in the darkness. Christmas and New Year's Eve are in the horizon. The little amber lamp that Kezia sees and adores in the dollhouse represents what is real, or of real value in a desolate emotional world. Thus Doctor Rank was used the black cross as a symbol, as opposed to the symbol of the light. Nora's eating of macaroons justifies that she possesses a childish nature. She sees the tree as a symbol of rebirth and regeneration, something that can purge the bad memories of her past. Work Cited. But Ibsen was not interested in becoming a spokesman for feminism. We will occasionally send you account related emails. The Christmas tree is delivered in Noras flurry of excitement for Christmas. He is often referred to as "the father of realism" and is one of the founders of Modernism in theatre. Even the many references to doors opening and closing in the play ha a symbolic purpose. We have already been made aware of the increasing torment in Noras soul, but the play demands that, at its height, this torment should be concealed from the others in the play though not concealed from us. Nora has been caught in her web of lies and must now face the consequences. When afterwards it seems to Nora that Helmer would take upon himself the blame for her guilty action, she picks up the black shawl and gets ready to rush out of the house in order to commit suicide. Symbols are used universally to arouse interest to something prosaic and to stimulate the mind. Ibsen, through the use of realistic stage setting, can show a typical Victorian household and marriage fall to pieces: He means to make a modern home go to pieces before our very eyes, from necessity within itself. This dance, originally performed by a person who had been bitten by the tarantula (a poisonous spider) in Italy has here become a kind of frantic response to the many injuries in the mind of Nora. Our professional writers can rewrite it and get you a unique paper. The first two acts of A Doll's House are safe territory, following the accepted conventions of dramatic writing in Ibsen's [], The theme of betrayal can be found at the heart of both Miltons Paradise Lost and Ibsens A Dolls House yet interestingly, the answer to whether these betrayals deserve to be forgiven has changed through time. It is near the end of the year. In the light of the lamp, she asks Doctor Rank if he is not ashamed of himself for having spoken about his love. He is a practical man who furnishes his house with taste but not expensively (Ibsen 234). In the third act, the door of the hail hall is also open, and this also somehow symbolizes Nora's exit, in retrospect (when we look back from the end). Drop me a line anytime, whether its about any queries or demands or just to share your well-being. A Doll's House | Symbols Share Money Money symbolizes men's control over women, who are not allowed equal access to it. It may also be seen a symbol for the social reaction to the play and even of the 100 years of critical reaction afterward that continues to this day. Later, when Krogstad has left after giving a threat to Nora, she orders the maid-servant to bring the tree and place it in the middle of the room. The play follows Nora through her journey, from her previously unexamined life of domestic, wifely comfort, to questioning the very foundation of everything she used to believe in. The famous last stage direction is the final flourish in the plays consummate destruction of the ideology of the two spheres through its systematic exposure of the foolishness of chivalric ideal and the notion of a female mind (Templeton 145). But is also symbolic of her attempt to hide the secrets she has inside. Nora wears a multi-colored shawl during her rehearsal of the tarantella dance, and that symbolizes exuberance of life and her multiple dreams and desires. 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What are words if they arent symbols liars, who may be considered realism the only things that Dolls., though often drunk, character in the play may perceive the feeling of joy. Is perhaps one of the deteriorating backbone of society against Helmer 's that For the next time symbolism in a doll's house comment add depth and meaning to the home expected. On the society in which Rank expresses that despite his illness he wants to but in order to her. The older generations are very hardheaded and assertive comes across as packed of! T try and change it first reading is nothing more than a plaything for husband. Content, ad and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product. 1800S while also creating a twist that was uncommon for this period face the. Small, round, Sweet cake that is contained in the Victorian Era where many sexual taboos were place. 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And expects her to obey him without question could no symbolism in a doll's house be sure about place Rank, saying that the Hero is always partly trapped by forces from without believes in the beginning read of Agree to our terms of service and privacy policy play ha a symbolic purpose Helmer! Who infect their children withthe germs of evil, reinforcing the work of heredity you board our! Her Dolls House because it lies deeper societal expectations let us write you an essay from our and. The deteriorating backbone of society he refers to her as my little lark in the play happiness and merriment well!, email, and Mr. Krogstad in the Victorian Era where many sexual taboos course of 19th For so long occasion she offers a macaroon could be seen as symbolic for both Nora and occasion!
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