In addition, the trinity idea in the dance represents Tamar of Georgia as a young princess, a wise mother and the powerful empress. Russia responded with a larger assault that quickly moved beyond South Ossetia in Georgia and included the other breakaway region of Abkhazia. [39], On 17 February 2022, Georgian Defence Minister, Juansher Burchuladze, was quoted as saying that joining NATO is the only way to preserve Georgia's territorial integrity. With the replacement of the 450-kilometer power cable, 32 new European-standard fans will be installed.The Asian Development Bank has allocated $ 15 million for this project.. According to the official church account, Andrew preached across Georgia, carrying with him an acheiropoieta of the Virgin Mary (an icon believed to be created "not by human hand"), and founded Christian communities believed to be the direct ancestors of the church. It is based in Tbilisi [34] At the same time, the kings, most notably David the Builder (10891125), used state power to interfere in church affairs. Eduard Shevardnadze himself resigned from the chairmanship of the CUG in September 2001. Khorumi is traditionally accompanied by instruments, and is not accompanied by clapping. A nonbinding referendum in 2008 resulted in 77% of voters supporting NATO accession. The dance was created to portray relatively cold and rough atmosphere of the mountains, shown through the vigor and the strictness of the movements and foot stomping. The propagation of Christianity in present-day Georgia before the 4th century is still poorly known. [6], The history of the Georgian language is conventionally divided into the following phases:[7]. , Srpskohrvatski / , Learn how and when to remove this template message, Emblem of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic, On the State Emblem of Georgia, Article 3, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Coat_of_arms_of_Georgia_(country)&oldid=1112014112, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from February 2019, All articles needing additional references, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 24 September 2022, at 06:28. He later declared a state of emergency and began to mobilize troops and police near his residence in Tbilisi. However, one cannot end one's analysis with the revolution and one clearly sees that, afterwards, the Soros Foundation and the NGOs were integrated into power. The first two are used together as upper and lower case in the writings of the Georgian Orthodox Church and together are called Khutsuri "priests' [alphabet]". [27][28] The Armenian Church was founded two decades earlier, and, during the 4th century, was larger and more influential than the Church in Iberia. However, as soon as the woman leaves the scene, the fighting continues. Then, the girl's dance, which is followed by an individual dancer's performance of amazing "tricks" on their knees and toes. According to Georgian Orthodox Church tradition, the first preacher of the Gospel in Colchis and Iberia (modern-day Western and Eastern Georgia) was the apostle Andrew, the First-called. Shevardnadze agreed, but immediately began maneuvering against the Baker formula. Melchisedek I (101033) was the first catholicos-patriarch of all Georgia. Autocephaly recognized by some autocephalous Churches de jure: Autocephaly and canonicity recognized by Constantinople and 3 other autocephalous Churches: Questionally autonomous, declared independence from the MP, but has not declared itself autocephalous: The Apostolic Autocephalous Orthodox Church of Georgia (Georgian: , romanized: sakartvelos samotsikulo avt'ok'epaluri martlmadidebeli ek'lesia), commonly known as the Georgian Orthodox Church or the Orthodox Church of Georgia, is an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox church in full communion with the other churches of Eastern Orthodoxy. A dark blue field with a centred red cross with a white cross overlaid over it. The dance is characterized with graceful, soft, and playful flirtation between the males and females. On March 69, 2006, the Individual Partnership Action Plan (IPAP) implementation interim assessment team arrived in Tbilisi. After being elected, Saakashvili wasted no time in passing a series of legislation and reforms. ), This page was last edited on 6 October 2022, at 10:35. Also, the U.S. A footnote in Microsoft's submission to the UK's Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) has let slip the reason behind Call of Duty's absence from the Xbox Game Pass library: Sony and When Saakashvili founded the National Movement in 2001, therefore, the five-cross flag was the natural choice to illustrate his party's populist bent." History. Georgia Train and Equip Program (GTEP) was an American-sponsored 18-month, $64-million program aimed at increasing the capabilities of the Georgian armed forces by training and equipping four 600-man battalions with light weapons, vehicles and communications. The 1997 Civil Code made the registration of an NGO relatively easy, and they operated in Georgia with few restrictions. [22] The state was unable to repair the crumbling infrastructure or consistently enforce the law. [10], Per Canepari, the main realizations of the vowels are as follows: [i], [e], [], [o], [u]. There have been only a few great performers of Kartuli including Nino Ramishvili, Iliko Sukhishvili, Iamze Dolaberidze and Pridon Sulaberidze. Autocephaly or autonomy is not universally recognized. [14], In September 2006, Georgia became the second country to be offered the "Intensified Dialogue" status, following a rapid change in foreign policy under President Mikhail Saakashvili,[15] and what NATO perceived as a demonstration of military readiness during the 2006 Kodori crisis. He became the youngest European president at the age of 36. Two events in 2001 caused an outcry of public opinion against the government. [41], Following the overthrow of the Tsar Nicholas II in March 1917, Georgia's bishops unilaterally restored the autocephaly of the Georgian Orthodox Church on 25 March 1917. For example, from the root -kart-, the following words can be derived: Kartveli (a Georgian person), Kartuli (the Georgian language) and Sakartvelo (Georgia). The integration of western and eastern Georgian churches from the 9th century also sealed the Orthodox nature of the Georgian Church, as Byzantine liturgy and cultural forms spread to the detriment of traditional Oriental practice.[33]. [6] In October, agents from the National Security Ministry raided the headquarters of Rustavi-2. Georgian has a word derivation system, which allows the derivation of nouns from verb roots both with prefixes and suffixes, for example: It is also possible to derive verbs from nouns: Likewise, verbs can be derived from adjectives, for example: In Georgian many nouns and adjectives begin with two or more contiguous consonants. Low pay forced many state employees to turn to alternative sources of income, often involving corrupt activities. Bichikashvili." However, the finale of the dance is "open" meaning that the audience does not know the outcome of the fighting. At the beginnings of the church history, what is now Georgia was not unified yet politically, and would not be until the beginnings of the 11th century. Learn how and when to remove this template message, Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic, civilian flag of Prussia (used until 1933), Flag of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic, Supreme Council of the Republic of Georgia, Newly-Discovered Coin Dates Georgian Five-Cross Flag Back to XII Century, "Georgia celebrates National Flag Day today", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Georgia_(country)&oldid=1119564710, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2022, Articles with Georgian-language sources (ka), Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Georgian-language text, Articles needing additional references from January 2017, All articles needing additional references, Articles with disputed statements from August 2013, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, A white field with a centred red cross; a red. Mikhail Revnivtsev, 25 November 2003, "A majority of Georgians, including the patriarch of the Georgian Orthodox Church, have long favored adopting the five-cross banner as the nation's official flag. from . Eastern Orthodox Christianity was the state religion throughout most of Georgia's history until 1921, when it was conquered by the Russian Red Army during the Russian-Georgian War and became part of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. By using a root, and adding some definite prefixes and suffixes, one can derive many nouns and adjectives from the root. The U.S. Agency for International Development was reported to have spent $1.5 million on modernizing Georgia's voting system. Stress is very weak, and linguists disagree as to where stress occurs in words. The revolution derives its name from the climactic moment, when demonstrators led by Mikheil Saakashvili stormed the Parliament session with red roses in hand. "[16] Other sources indicate 484 for the year the Church became autocephalous. Since Khanjluri involves daggers and knives, it requires tremendous skill and practice on the part of the performers. It is the official language of Georgia and the native or primary language of 87.6% of its population. Theodore E. Dowling, Sketches of Georgian Church History, New York, p 54. Abkhazia is a de facto independent state, and functions as such since the 1992-93 war.However, the vast majority of the international community consider it to be a part of Georgia, legally governed by the de jure Government of the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia, even though Georgia has no control over it.. (see also; Five and a half hours after Georgia's declared ceasefire, Georgia's Foreign Ministry sent troops into South Ossetia "to restore constitutional order in the entire region"[24] The South Ossetian capital Tskhinvali became the site for a prolonged battle. [23] Jun, Vicenik, and Lofstedt have proposed that Georgian stress and intonation are the result of pitch accents on the first syllable of a word and near the end of a phrase.[24]. Refugees, among them noblemen such as Archil of Kakheti, took shelter in the West, either in Abkhazia or Tao-Klarjeti, and brought there their culture. It was part of the Football Federation of Soviet Union from 1936 to 1989. [30], On 21 November 2011, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev while addressing soldiers in Vladikavkaz near the Georgian border stated that the 2008 invasion had prevented any further NATO enlargement into the former Soviet sphere. [1] The death of Zurab Zhvania in uncertain circumstances and the withdrawal of Nino Burjanadze into opposition eventually established the United National Movement as the single ruling party. The church has enjoyed good relations with all three Presidents of Georgia since independence was restored. Mtiuluri is also a mountain dance. New elections happened six weeks later on January 4, 2004. [19] Members further pledged to review the decision in December 2008 at the meeting of NATO foreign ministers. in Word-final position, /b, d, / are devoiced to [p, t, k]. Unopposed and with 96.2 percent of the vote, Saakashvili became the new president of Georgia and was inaugurated on January 25. [dubious discuss][9] According to tradition, King Tamar (d. 1213) used a flag with a dark red cross and a star in a white field. It is worth noting that so far Georgia's calls for membership in such formulations have not appeared in the rhetoric of the Secretary General of the Alliance. Article 10 of the North Atlantic Treaty limits membership extension to European states. The previous flag used by the Democratic Republic of Georgia from 1918 to 1921 was reestablished as the flag of the Republic of Georgia on 8 December 1991, by the Supreme Council of the Republic of Georgia. [3] The disintegration of the party highlighted the weakness of the Shevardnadze regime and dispersed the political elite amongst a number of new parties and independent platforms. The conversion of Iberia marked only the beginnings of the formation of the Georgian Orthodox Church. The wine-red color symbolises the good times of the past as well as the future, whilst the black represents Russian rule, and the white represents hope for peace. [25] The western Church broke away from Constantinople and recognized the authority of the Catholicos of Mtskheta by the end of the 9th century. Georgian has been written in a variety of scripts over its history. It was abolished by the Soviet Union following the 1921 incorporation of Georgia into the USSR. [11] Georgia immediately had problems with Russian support of Ossetians in Georgia. The flag of the National Movement was unknown ten years ago [1993] and was called 'the Georgian historical national flag' by the opposition leaders only after publications by the Georgian vexillologist I.L. The 19th century was a time of decline and disaffection, as the church buildings often fell into disrepair, and the trust of people in the institution was diminished by its Russification and corruption. An interesting feature of Georgian is that, while the subject of a sentence is generally in the nominative case and the object is in the accusative case (or dative), one can find this reversed in many situations (this depends mainly on the character of the verb). mat minich'ebuli akvt goneba da sindisi da ertmanetis mimart unda iktseodnen dzmobis sulisk'vetebit, Central Intelligence Agency. [10] As early as the Summer of 2002, there was great concern amongst the leaders of Georgia's most influential NGOs that Shevardnadze was not prepared to relinquish power voluntarily, and that other ways to remove him from power might be necessary. Consisting of twenty days of protests from 3 to 23 November 2003, the Revolution triggered new presidential and parliamentary elections in Georgia, which brought the National MovementDemocrats coalition to the power. [8] The first direct attestations of the language are inscriptions and palimpsests dating to the 5th century, and the oldest surviving literary work is the 5th century Martyrdom of the Holy Queen Shushanik by Iakob Tsurtaveli. These changes were not accepted by the Russian Orthodox Church. Sometimes, however, a capital-like effect, called Mtavruli, "title" or "heading", is achieved by modifying the letters so that their vertical sizes are identical and they rest on the baseline with no descenders. [21], Allophonically, [] may be inserted to break up consonant clusters, as in /das/ [ds]. Decree of the President of Georgia This mountain dance unites love, courage, respect for women, toughness, competition, skill, beauty, and colorfulness into one performance. The Prime Minister and the Government wield executive power. Stoltenberg stressed that earlier this year, the Allies agreed to further strengthen the NATO-Georgia partnership. Khevsuruli is very technical and requires intense practice and utmost skill in order to perform the dance without hurting anyone. The United States agreed to help turn the Georgian army into an effective fighting force. Churches and monasteries were targeted by the invaders, as they hosted many treasures. [31] Such conciliation was attempted again at the First Council of Dvin in 506, and the status quo was preserved during the 6th century. [52] In 2002, it was reported that there were 35 eparchies (dioceses) and about 600 churches within the Georgian Orthodox Church, served by 730 priests. The Georgian Orthodox Church is managed by the Holy Synod, headed by the Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia. [23] Social conditions also further deteriorated, with over half of the population finding itself under the poverty line, creating even greater dissatisfaction with the Shevardnadze administration. 32 of 25 January 2004. [25] Others however see it as a justification for Georgian membership in NATO. Even so, the church in Iberia did not gain complete independence from the mother church of Antioch." The church is headed by the Patriarch of All Georgia, Ilia II, who was elected in 1977. [40], In 1801, the Kingdom of Kartl-Kakheti (Eastern Georgia) was occupied and annexed by the Russian Empire. The first documented event in this process is the preaching of Saint Nino and its consequences, although exact dates are still debated. In July, a popular anchor for the Rustavi-2 network, Giorgi Sanaia, was murdered. Abashidze used security forces and paramilitary groups to break up the demonstrations in the streets of Batumi and Kobuleti. The Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic's flag was a tricolour design, with a dark yellow top band, a black middle band, and a red bottom band. The first Georgian flag design came about during the era of the early Georgian state, the Principality of Iberia which had a red cross against a white background, similar to the flag of England. [13], The 2003 Rose Revolution replaced Georgian President Eduard Shevardnadze with Mikheil Saakashvili, who promoted closer ties with western institutions including NATO. [26] Political unification under the Bagrationi dynasty consolidated this evolution by the end of the 10th century: in a single, unified Kingdom of Georgia, there would be a unified Georgian Church. The alliance decided not to offer Georgia a MAP due to opposition from several countries, led by Germany and France, who feared the decision would anger Russia. [51] 83.9% of Georgia's population identified themselves as Orthodox in the 2002 census. In, harvcoltxt error: no target: CITEREFShosted_&_Shikovani2006 (, harvcoltxt error: no target: CITEREFShosted_&_Chikovani2006 (, Alphabetum Ibericum sive Georgianum cum Oratione, Explanatory dictionary of the Georgian language, https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/georgia/, "An acoustic study of Georgian stop consonants", The Universal Declaration of Human Rights in Georgian language, Reference grammar of Georgian by Howard Aronson (SEELRC, Duke University), Georgian English, English Georgian online dictionary, English-Georgian, German-Georgian and Russian-Georgian dictionaries, Georgian Swadesh list of basic vocabulary words, Georgian fonts, compliant with Unicode 4.0, also available for MAC OS 9 or X, A keyboard for typing georgian characters for firefox, Summer School of Georgian at Tbilisi State University, Learn how to write Georgian hand-written letters correctly, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Georgian_language&oldid=1114409689, Pages containing links to subscription-only content, Articles containing Georgian-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2017, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2013, Articles with dead external links from December 2019, Articles with permanently dead external links, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Classical Old Georgian: 9th11th centuries, Middle Georgian: 11th/12th17th/18th centuries, Modern Georgian: 17th/18th centurypresent, The uvular ejective stop is commonly realised as an uvular ejective fricative [, word-initially, intervocally and word-finally it is realized as a bilabial fricative [, before voiceless consonants it is realized as [, In initial positions, /b d / are pronounced as weakly voiced [b , d , ]. This is similar to the way prepositions govern specific cases in many. The local elections saw independents secure 2754 seats, with the New Rights Party (NRP) being the most successful political party, obtaining 558 parliamentary seats. Georgia is not currently a member of NATO, but has been promised by NATO to be admitted in the future. [15] The Encyclopedia Britannica states that the autocephaly of the Church "was probably granted by the Eastern Roman emperor Zeno (474491) with the consent of the patriarch of Antioch, Peter the Fuller. 2. However, the elite military units refused to support the government. Costumes are a long black coloured shirt, black trousers, a pair of black boots, and black headgear. However, over time it has grown. Most Georgian surnames end in -dze ("son") (Western Georgia), -shvili ("child") (Eastern Georgia), -ia (Western Georgia, Samegrelo), -ani (Western Georgia, Svaneti), -uri (Eastern Georgia), etc. The State coat of arms of Georgia is a heraldic shield, on its red field is depicted a silver rider on a silver horse and with a silver spear ending with a golden cross, Saint George with a golden halo, striking a silver dragon. [2] The ineffectiveness of the government and the decreasing popularity of the regime led to the defection of numerous parliamentary deputies from the ruling party in 2000. The man's upper body is motionless at all times. per adult. This dance is reminiscent of a festival in the mountains. Cooking Classes. . The country lost its independence in 1801 to annexation by the Russian Empire. The current flag was used by the Georgian patriotic movement following the country's independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. In addition to the Patriarch, the Synod comprises 38 members, including 25 metropolitan bishops, 5 archbishops and 7 simple bishops. Dan Jakopovich, The 2003 "Rose Revolution" in Georgia: A Case Study in High Politics and Rank-and-File Execution, This page was last edited on 3 November 2022, at 11:56. [13] Georgia's broad Freedom of Information law gave media outlets the legal protection to criticize the government, making it a leader amongst the former Eastern Bloc. Religioscope", "Key Aspects of Georgian Orthodox Church's Autocephaly", "Constitution of Georgia Official English translation", " -", "Russian Orthodox Church 'Respects' Georgian Church Authority over Abkhazia, S.Ossetia", "Armenia: Property Disputes Fueling Church Tension between Yerevan and Tbilisi", "CNEWA United States The Orthodox Church of Georgia", "Georgia, Patriarchal Orthodox Church of", Official Web Site of the Patriarchate of the Orthodox Church of Georgia, Georgian-language Web Site regarding Georgian Orthodoxy, Georgian Orthodox Church Encyclopdia Britannica, Article on the Georgian Orthodox Church by Ronald Roberson on the CNEWA website, http://eprints.iliauni.edu.ge/9925/1/Tinikash-Ecumenism-Georgia-%5BOffprint%5D.pdf, Open database - Territoriality of the Georgian Orthodox Church, Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia, Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria, Coptic Catholic Patriarchate of Alexandria, Chaldean Catholic Patriarchate of Baghdad, Assyrian Church of the East Patriarchate of Seleucia-Ctesiphon, Ancient Church of the East Patriarchate of Seleucia-Ctesiphon, Architecture of cathedrals and great churches, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Georgian_Orthodox_Church&oldid=1119259533, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Georgian-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2021, Self-contradictory articles from April 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2013, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. The music, taken from the Georgian operas Abesalom da Eteri ("Abesalom and Eteri") and Daisi Tbilisi when a recording of "Tavisupleba" failed to play properly. As a result of those devastations, many fell into disrepair or were abandoned. Facebook support group "I bet I can find one million people who support Georgia's NATO membership". The package includes a Defence Institution Building School, NATOGeorgia Joint Training and Evaluation Centre and Logistics Facility, the facilitation of multi-national and regional military drills, and other measures.[6]. The flag of the Georgian SSR was replaced by the flag of the Democratic Republic of Georgia by the Georgian government in November 1990, shortly before it declared independence from the Soviet Union. In the four corners there are four bolnur-katskhuri crosses (also referred to as a Georgian Cross or a Grapevine cross) of the same color as the large cross. [3], In the three years before the Rose Revolution, foreign financial support for the regime began to become severely limited. As of 2012, the following bishops are members of the Holy Synod, in such hierarchical order:[54], The first head bishop of the Georgia Church to carry the title of Patriarch was Melkisedek I (10101033). Between 1328 and the early 16th century, a Catholic bishop had his see in Tbilisi to foster those contacts. [29], Words that begin with multiple consonants, q'vela adamiani ibadeba tavisupali da tanasts'ori tavisi ghirsebita da uplebebit. [40] Georgian President Salome Zourabichvili, who took office in 2018, has conceded that NATO membership might not be possible while Russia occupies Georgian territory, and has sought to focus on European Union membership,[41] which Georgia submitted its application for in May 2022. This occurred following a meeting with Stoltenberg in Brussels. Saakashvili then motioned to the choirs, and thousands in the crowd joined the singers in singing it, a moment which was described by media as "the most powerful moment of the day". Cyril Toumanoff dates the conversion of Mirian to 334, his official baptism and subsequent adoption of Christianity as the official religion of Iberia to 337. In 1103, he summoned the council of Ruisi-Urbnisi, which condemned Armenian Miaphysitism in stronger terms than ever before, and gave unprecedented power, second only to the Patriarch, to his friend and advisor George of Chqondidi. Testelets, Yakov G. 2020. [9], "Acharuli" redirects here. On some occasions, one man has to fight off 3 attackers. The western half of the country, mostly constituted of the kingdom of Lazica, or Egrisi, was under much stronger influence of the Byzantine Empire than eastern Iberia, where Byzantine, Armenian and Persian influences coexisted. In Mkhedruli, there is no case. Some of these leaders hoped to make the 'Serbian scenario' a reality in Georgia, in the sense that they wanted to promote non-violent protests to force the resignation of an authoritarian leader. and several NGOs, like the Liberty Institute, were active in all protest activities. [8] Similar traditions regarding Saint Andrew exist in Ukraine, Cyprus and Romania. It shows that even in love, men must control their feelings. [35], In February 2019, in an interview with Voice of America Ben Hodges, a retired lieutenant-general of United States Army Europe and now working for the defence think tank Center for European Policy Analysis said that Georgia has "nothing left to prove about NATO membership" and "accession of West Germany into NATO is a precedent for Georgia". The verb can be broken down to parts: a-g-e-shen-eb-in-a-t. Each morpheme here contributes to the meaning of the verb tense or the person who has performed the verb. [11] Before the Rose Revolution, a large network of NGOs with foreign financial support already existed in the country that could later coordinate protest. No. By the late 1990s, the design had become widely known as the Georgian historical national flag, as vexillologists had pointed out the red-on-white Jerusalem cross shown as the flag of Tbilisi in a 14th-century map by Domenico and Francesco Pizzigano. mat minich'ebuli akvt goneba da sindisi da ertmanetis mimart unda iktseodnen dzmobis sulisk'vetebit. Ambassador in Georgia at the time, Richard Miles was also the U.S. Shevardnadze had allowed the development of NGOs before the Rose Revolution, and numerous large and relatively uninhibited NGOs were able to operate in Georgia prior to the 2003 parliamentary elections. The Third Council of Dvin, in 607, sanctioned the rupture with the Armenian Church. "[14], However, other sources state that the autocephaly was given to the Church at other dates. In 1999, the Georgian Parliament voted to change the flag, and all Shevardnadze had to do was issue a supportive Decree. New anti-religious campaigns took place after the war, especially under Nikita Khrushchev. [3] Its speakers today number approximately four million. Upwards of seven thousand student-led protestors, many mobilized by the Liberty Institute NGO, amassed outside the headquarters and demanded the resignation of the Shevardnadze government. Adjaruli also originated in Adjara, which is where it gets its name. [19] By the end of 2003, debt in the form of unpaid salaries and pensions reached $120 million. The letters of Mkhedruli correspond closely to the phonemes of the Georgian language. Georgia and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) enjoy good relations. The white flag with the single red St. George's cross was supposedly used by King Vakhtang I in the 5th century. Georgia, a state that was previously under Soviet influence, took independence in the 1990s, but saw much disarray in the form of separatist [2] By late 2021, a newly-discovered coin of the King David the Builder with five-cross composition engraving now dates the Georgian flag to the 12th century. The Open Society Institute (OSI), funded by George Soros, supported Mikheil Saakashvili and a network of pro-democratic organizations. On 5 January 2008 Georgia held a non-binding referendum on NATO membership with 77% voting in favor of joining the organization.
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