The Crown did not supply enough basic supplies and provisions and the Settlers were continually threatened by illegal slave trading and the risk of re-enslavement. [98] The epidemic occurred as part of the wider Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa. The national capital Freetown, which makes up the Western Area Urban District, and the other is the Western Area Rural with a main town known as Waterloo, is governed by a directly elected city council headed by a mayor. They predominate in the large town of Koindu and its surrounding areas in Kailahun District. Sierra Leone is subdivided into four regions which are the Northern, Southern, Eastern and Western Provinces which are further subdivided into 14 districts. Within hours after taking office, Stevens was ousted in a bloodless military coup led by Brigadier General David Lansana, the commander of the Sierra Leone Armed Forces. [216], The prevalence of HIV/AIDS in the population is 1.6%, higher than the world average of 1% but lower than the average of 6.1% across Sub-Saharan Africa. After they established Granville Town, most of the first group of colonists died, owing to disease and warfare with the indigenous African peoples (Temne), who resisted their encroachment. Two other commercial TV operators (ABC and AIT) closed after they were not profitable. Before 2017, this province included the area that is now the North West Province of Sierra Leone. [156] To ensure that the Energy Africa goal is met, Sierra Leone has agreed to remove its import duties and Value Added Tax (VAT) on certified solar products. The Paramount Chiefs are influential, particularly in villages and small rural towns. Helicopters are also available from the airport to other major cities in the country. The 1978 constitution made the APC the only legal political party in Sierra Leone. Just like Freetown and Bo, Kenema is home to an ethnically diverse population whose main dialect is the Krio language. The other airports have unpaved runways, and seven have runways from 914 to 1,523 metres (2,999 to 4,997 feet) long; the remaining two have shorter runways. [161], In 2019 Sierra Leone had a population of 7,813,215[164] and a growth rate of 2.216% a year. Sierra Leone has one of the world's largest deposits of rutile, a titanium ore used as paint pigment and welding rod coatings. Sierra Leone has a vibrant Ahmaddiya Muslim population, especially in the southern city of Bo, which is home to a large Ahmadiyya Muslim population. Freetown, a major port city on the Atlantic Ocean, is the biggest and capital city of Sierra Leone. [131] Typically, chiefs have the power to "raise taxes, control the judicial system, and allocate land, the most important resource in rural areas. The Sierra Leone cricket team represents Sierra Leone in international cricket competitions and is among the best in West Africa. Former President Siaka Stevens' government had sought closer relations with other West African countries under the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) a policy continued by the current government. The coastal swamp region extends along the . The Peninsula Mountains rise from the coastal swamps and reach some 2,900 feet (880 metres) at Picket Hill. Another 24 were discharged, and another 23 ran away. Ten years later, on 19 April 1971, the country became a republic, with an elected President as the Head of State. Freetown is Sierra Leone's political, economic, cultural, financial, and educational center. Four provinces are further divided into 14 districts; the Western Area is divided into two districts. The topography of the province is mostly hilly woodlands, and the land supports a range of endangered species. These Liberated Africans or recaptives were sold for $20 a head as apprentices to the white settlers, Nova Scotian Settlers, and the Jamaican Maroons. Nearly 20,000 Liberian refugees voluntarily returned to Liberia over the course of 2007. Turay, a key loyalist of ousted president Momoh. Football is an important part of Kenema's culture being home to one of Sierra Leone's most famous international footballer known as Mohamed Kallon. "A Systems View and Lesson from the Ongoing Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak in West Africa". 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Margai appointed many non-Creoles to the country's civil service in Freetown, in an overall diversification of the civil service in the capital, which had been dominated by members of the Creole ethnic group. In 2001, the government created a mining community development fund (DACDF), which returns a portion of diamond export taxes to diamond mining communities. [21] Bio handed power over to Ahmad Tejan Kabbah of the SLPP, after the conclusion of elections in early 1996 which Kabbah won. Sierra Leone is known for its blood diamonds that were mined and sold to diamond conglomerates during the civil war, to buy the weapons that fuelled its atrocities. The group set up the National Reformation Council (NRC), with Andrew Juxon-Smith as its chairman and Head of State of the country. The Western Area Urban District is one of the 16 districts of Sierra Leone. In other words, the population of Sierra Leone has grown almost three and half times it was in 1963 (2,180,355). In mid-1974, Guinean soldiers, as requested by Stevens, were stationed in the country to help maintain his hold on power, as Stevens was a close ally of then-Guinean president Ahmed Skou Tour. In total, there are 20 cities in Sierra Leone. Sierra Leone appears on the EU list of prohibited countries with regard to the certification of airlines. However, the main suspect, Major S.I.M. The Fula are virtually all Muslims at over 99%. Waterloo is a major urban transport hub and lies on the . According to the report, Sierra Leones population has increased by 6.4%, since the last census in 2015. In 2018, Sierra Leone held a general election. [126] The military seized control in 1968, bringing the National Reformation Council into power. 113,185 (2015); Katu Town Urban Area: pop. Sierra Leone's capital Freetown is located in the Western Area of the country and its makes up the Western Area Urban District. The ratio of men and women in Koinadugu District, Sierra Leone. It is the second-most important city in terms of transportation, economy, and education after Freetown. SAJ Musa, a childhood friend of Strasser, became the deputy chairman and deputy leader of the NPRC government. [24], The country takes its name from the Lion Mountains near Freetown. Between 1991 and 2001, about 50,000 people were killed in Sierra Leone's civil war. He also endeavoured to change Sierra Leone from a democracy to a one-party state. The current acting chief justice of Sierra Leone is Desmond Babatunde Edwards. 50%. The provinces of Sierra Leone are divided into 16 districts, as of July 2017. [226], In the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) conducted by UNICEF in 2012, the prevalence of female genital mutilation in Sierra Leone was 94%. The interior contains a variety of landforms ranging from savanna-covered low plains to rocky scarp and hill country. Many of the national team footballers are celebrities across Sierra Leone and they are often well known by the general population. An alleged plot to overthrow president Stevens failed in 1974 and its leaders were executed. In January 1970, Bangura was arrested and charged with conspiracy and plotting to commit a coup against the Stevens government. Like the neighbouring Temne, the Loko are Muslim majority. Krio (derived from English and several indigenous African languages, and the language of the Sierra Leone Krio people) is the most widely spoken language in virtually all parts of Sierra Leone. agreement & 5 others, Sierra Leone admits to low supply of fuel, Sierra Leone: Audit reveals corrupt practice in defence, agriculture, education, police, Sacked Sierra Leone VP takes case to ECOWAS Court, Sierra Leone detains top football officials, Sierra Leone electoral commission to start boundary delimitation, Sierra Leone Parliament challenges Disaster Bill, Sierra Leone Court Martial, defence rejects president, SANUSI COVID-19 indices update (09/12/20). The Mende, who are believed to be descendants of the Mane,[citation needed] originally occupied the Liberian hinterland. The park is home to elephants, hippos, buffaloes, and many chimpanzees it's also listed as a protected area by the UN Environment Programme (UNEP). Its numerous creeks and estuaries contain mangrove swamps. Non-denominational Protestants form a significant minority of Sierra Leone's Christian population. The Maliki school is by far the largest and most dominant Islamic school of jurisprudence across Sierra Leone. The incident brought religious tension in Sierra Leone, in a country known for its high level of religious tolerance, as many Sierra Leonean Muslims at home and abroad called for Ajisafe to be deported back to his home country of Nigeria. Agyepong I. [40], Many in London thought that moving them to Sierra Leone would lift them out of poverty. [16] Muslims make up about three-quarters of the population, though with an influential Christian minority. 28,813 (2015). Sierra Leone's former defense minister Alfred Paolo Conteh is an ethnic Limba. [14][15], Sierra Leone is a constitutional republic with a unicameral parliament and a directly elected president serving a five-year term with a maximum of two terms. ", War and state collapse: The case of Sierra Leone, "NPRC's Komba Kambo Speaks After Eleven Years Of Silence! Manga Sewa was born in Falaba, Solima chiefdom, in the Northern Province of British Sierra Leone to Yalunka parents. In 2008, CDC began supporting Sierra Leone's HIV response through the U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR). The country's national television network, The Sierra Leone Broadcasting Corporation (SLBC) broadcasts the national football team live match, along with many local radio stations across the country. [39], The settlers that remained forcibly captured land from a local African chieftain, but he retaliated, attacking the settlement, which was reduced to a mere 64 settlers comprising 39 black men, 19 black women, and six white women. 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