. [26] When Baku was occupied by the Russian troops during the war of 180413, nearly the entire population of some 8,000 people was ethnic Tat. By comparison, in 2019 the SCWRA prohibited the importation of 216 books out of 3,888, and the publication of 14 books out of 239. The two-day summit held in Azerbaijan's capital city concluded yesterday Friday, bringing together representatives of more than 70 countries, including leaders and representatives of various religions, religious movements and international . By the beginning of the 20th century, half of the oil sold in international markets was extracted in Baku. The constitution prohibits spreading propaganda of religions humiliating peoples dignity and contradicting the principles of humanism as well as propaganda inciting religious animosity. Jeyran the Gazelle and Nar the Pomegranate are the official mascots, a fun and colourful way to highlight a sense of history and forward-thinking future (even if some in the country were not that happy with the design). The Azerbaijani Turks: Power and Identity Under Russian Rule, Audrey L. Altstadt, page 32, Hoover Press, 1992. The government said reducing the minimum number of members below 50 would promote extremism. Section II. During the year, authorities placed multiple members of MUM under administrative arrest for allegedly violating the COVID-19 quarantine regime and resisting police. For example, on March 21, the Sabunchu District Court sentenced Samir Babayev to 30 days of administrative arrest. In 1970 the Jewish population was 29,716 (2.2% of the total). Territory, number of population and density of Baku city, Density of population according to 01.10.2021, Population change in Baku city All-populations.com used data from the number of the population from official sources. The boulevard contains an amusement park, yacht club, musical fountain, statues and monuments. A number of Baku's population has announced. During the next and final bout of hostilities between the two, the Russo-Persian War of 18261828, the Iranians briefly recaptured Baku. The population of the townships of Baku is 964.500 people (01.01.2018). It is adjacent to the newly built International Centre of Mugham and the musical fountain. Hinduism in Azerbaijan has been tied to cultural diffusion on the Silk Road. Mikayil Mushfig, Bakuvian poet and victim of the Stalinist purges. Regensberg Introduction Regensberg is located in the Dielsdorf district, in the Zurich Canton, in the country of Switzerland. Physicist Lev Landau, Baku State University student, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1962. The government did not exercise control over Nagorno-Karabakh or the surrounding territories throughout much of the year. International banks with branches in Baku include HSBC, Socit Gnrale and Credit Suisse.[74]. However, unlike many other cities with such climate features, Baku does not see extremely hot summers and substantial sunshine hours. Authorities continued legal action against individuals associated with the unregistered group MUM. The law penalizes actions that intend to change the constitutional order or violate the territorial integrity of the country on the grounds of religious hatred, radicalism, or fanaticism, with prison terms ranging from 15 years to life. Zoroastrianism has left a deep mark in the history of Azerbaijan. As a result, Baku played a great role in many branches of Soviet life. Hajiyev and Mammadov were also among the four men included in ECHRs June decision. The building was designed by Carl Gippius, brother of famous artist Otto Gustavovich Gippius (Yevstafiyevich) and architect of Baku city and the governorate. Fifty years before the battle, Baku produced half of the world's oil supply.[73]. According to Forum 18, without a birth certificate, a child may not attend kindergarten or school, be treated in a hospital, or travel abroad. Government grants additional listing protection to four British mosques, Denmarks proposed face veil ban will affect 150 to 200 Muslim women, Plinth to mark centenary of womens suffrage includes South Asian and Jewish women, Fresh trials raise concern about persecution of Ahmadis in Algeria, Plans to republish the violently antisemitic screeds of French author Cline cause outrage. Salatyn Asgarova, Azerbaijani journalist, National Hero of Azerbaijan. The 13th-century Bibi-Heybat Mosque. The oil economy of Baku is undergoing a resurgence, with the development of the massive Azeri-Chirag-Guneshli field (Shallow water Gunashli by SOCAR, deeper areas by a consortium led by BP), development of the Shah Deniz gas field, the expansion of the Sangachal Terminal and the construction of the BTC Pipeline. Described as a "rough" census organised in October 1917. Muslim Magomayev, one of the most famous singers of the USSR. [24] However, the Bah' community in Nakhchivan, where the Azerbaijani faithful were first established, was being seriously harassed and oppressed as recently as 2006,[25] though this may also be related to paragraphs 13 of Article 18 of the Azerbaijani Constitution, confirming that each religion is equal before the law, but the propaganda of religions, abating human personality and contradicting to the principles of humanism is prohibited. Consisting of about 200 people, they baptized 50 converts last summeralmost entirely Azeri Muslim . The law prohibits individuals who pursue foreign government-supported or privately funded religious education abroad without permission from the government from holding official religious positions, preaching, or leading sermons after returning to the country. Baku is one of the most important tourist destinations in the Caucasus, with hotels in the city earning 7million euros in 2009. The average cost of living in Azerbaijan is 745AZN ($440) excluding rent. Since the beginning of the year, the population of Baku stood at 2,269,700 people, up 7,100 people from early 2018, Baku City Statistics Department told Report. Tofiq Bahramov, a Soviet footballer and football referee from Azerbaijan. Shipping services operate regularly from Baku across the Caspian Sea to Turkmenbashi (formerly Krasnovodsk) in Turkmenistan and to Bandar Anzali and Bandar Nowshar in Iran. Major religion Islam. 85% of Muslims in Azerbaijan are Shia Muslims while 15% are Sunni Muslims. [37] During the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and in the months following the ceasefire arrangement, the Ambassador consistently underscored the importance of granting unimpeded access to religious and cultural sites to UNESCO and international journalists with Azerbaijans Presidential Administration and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Population 9.7 million. Forum 18 said there were 34 cases alleging violations of freedom of religion or belief involving 61 individuals and five religious communities that were pending before the ECHR at years end. [112][113] Since 2011 the city annually hosts WTA tennis event called Baku Cup.[114]. The first person to drill oil in Baku was an ethnic Armenian Ivan Mirzoev, who is also known as a 'founding father of Baku's oil industry. On October 27, the Binagadi District Court sentenced him to four years and six months in prison for illegal possession of a weapon. This section is picturesque, with its maze of narrow alleys and ancient buildings: the cobbled streets past the Palace of the Shirvanshahs, two caravansaries, the baths and the Juma Mosque (which used to house the Azerbaijan National Carpet and Arts Museum but is now a mosque again). Altay Goyushov. [2] Estimates include 96.9% (CIA, 2010)[1] and 99.2% (Pew Research Center, 2006)[3] of the population identifying as Muslim. According to the census of 2009, 2.045.815 people lived in Baku. Charges against MUM members included illegal possession of weapons, violation of the COVID-19 quarantine regime, and resisting police (a broad offense that includes not obeying police orders). [129], Baku Port was founded in 1902 and claims to be the largest Caspian Sea port. The executive director of the Moral Values Promotion Foundation, Mehman Ismayilov, said that during the year, the foundation provided monthly assistance to 984 Muslim religious figures serving in mosques, including imams and deputy imams, and transferred 100,000 manat ($58,800) to 22 non-Muslim communities. Akhundov stated that in December 2018 he was forced to resign from his professional position in the International Relations Department due to his Christian faith. The existence of petroleum has been known since the 8th century. On September 23, the Supreme Court upheld the verdict of the Baku Administrative Court, which on January 30, 2019 declined to review the complaint of former parliament employee Rahim Akhundov. Bagirov said authorities tortured him during his detention. [10] While the estimates identify 9399% of Azerbaijan's population as adherents of Islam,[11][12][13] the importance of religion on everyday life remains low. In an October 26 interview, President Aliyev denied purposefully bombing the church, saying it was bombed by accident or was done by the Armenians themselves to frame Azerbaijan. The three main institutions for exhibiting modern and contemporary art in Baku are: The music scene in Baku can be traced back to ancient times and villages of Baku, generally revered as the fountainhead of meykhana and mugham in the Azerbaijan. According to 2011 data from the State Committee on Religious Associations in Azerbaijan (SCWRA) (the most recent available), 96 percent of the population is Muslim, of which approximately 65 percent is Shia and 35 percent Sunni. Shia Islam is the leading religious belief with 80% of the country's population adhering to the faith, making it the second largest Shia population in the world. [17], Baku was the realm of the Shirvanshahs during the 8th century AD. Religious communities continued to express frustration that communities with fewer than 50 members were not allowed to legally register. The mosque . The intercity buses and metro use this type of card-based fare-payment system. Initially ruled by Mirza Muhammed Khan (r.17471768), it soon became a dependency of the much stronger Quba Khanate. During winter the khazri sweeps through, driven by polar air masses; temperatures on the coast frequently drop below freezing and make it feel bitterly cold. The decree also allocated 150,000 manat ($88,200) each to the European Jewish community, the Albanian-Udi community, and the Catholic Church of Baku, and 100,000 manat ($58,800) to the Moral Values Promotion Foundation, the same amounts as in 2019. On June 2, President Ilham Aliyev signed a decree allocating two million manat ($1.18 million) to the CMB for the needs of Muslim communities and 350,000 manat ($206,000) each to the Baku Diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church and the religious community of Mountain Jews, the same amounts as in 2019. The estimated costs were US$400million. There are three separate communities of Jews (Mountain Jews, Ashkenazi Jews, and Georgian Jews) in Azerbaijan, who total almost 16,000 combined. Throughout the year, courts continued reviewing appeals and sentencing individuals detained after the July 2018 assault on Elmar Valiyev, the then-head of the Ganja City Executive Committee, and the subsequent stabbing to death of two police officers during a related demonstration against local government authorities. Baku is long attested under the Perso-Arabic name (Bk). On March 13, police detained MUM member Elvin Muradov. Baku has a strong intellectual tradition and was the birthplace of some prominent thinkers whove won the prestigious Nobel Prize for Physics or those whove helped man into space. By the early 16th century Baku's wealth and strategic position attracted the attention of its larger neighbours; in the previous two centuries, it was under the rule of the Iran-centred Kara Koyunlu and Ak Koyunlu. [20], The Safavids temporarily lost power in Iran in 1722; Emperor Peter the Great of Russia took advantage of the situation and invaded. The population of Azerbaijan nears 10m and almost half of the population is under the age of 30. Muslim population in India 2022. The Caucasus Muslim Board (CMB) is registered by the SCWRA as a foundation and oversees the activities of registered Islamic organizations, including training and appointing clerics to lead Islamic worship, periodically monitoring sermons, and organizing pilgrimages to Mecca. In some northern regions, populated by Dagestani (Lezgian) people, Sunni Islam is dominant. The city is growing dynamically and developing at full speed on an eastwest axis along the shores of the Caspian Sea. Baku's largest industry is petroleum, and its petroleum exports make it a large contributor to Azerbaijan's balance of payments. Due to the life-giving properties of their home planet, the Ba'ku became embroiled in a conspiracy between Starfleet and the Son'a. [48][49], Until 1988, Baku had very large Russian, Armenian, and Jewish populations which contributed to cultural diversity and added in various ways (music, literature, architecture and progressive outlook) to Baku's history. (See also Azerbaijani alphabet.). [89], There are a number of ancient hamams in Baku dating back to the 12th, 14th and 18th centuries. There were 23 Christian prayer houses (worship spaces that did not have the status of a church), one Bahai house of worship, and one Krishna Consciousness house of worship in the country at years end. They oppose the church hierarchy which has a special power. Human Rights Watch stated Azerbaijani forces attacked and damaged the Holy Savior Cathedral in Shusha in two separate incidents on October 8. The Ganja Court of Grave Crimes conducted the trials in Baku in what observers said was an effort to avoid causing further social unrest in Ganja. Other than that one can buy an alcoholic drinks in most towns/ villages of Azerbaijan. Throughout the year, courts continued reviewing appeals and sentencing individuals detained after a July 2018 attack on the then-head of the Ganja City Executive Committee and the subsequent killing of two police officers. The SCWRA said it continued to provide letters authorizing previously registered communities to operate, based on their pre-2009 registration. [48], As a result of the First Nagorno-Karabakh War, mosques in the Nagorno-Karabakh region have been abandoned, and Armenian churches in Azerbaijan have likewise been inactive or damaged in the fighting. According to the constitution, the law may restrict participation of religious officials in elections and bars them from election to parliament. The Muslim population lived mainly in the historical centre covering the Icherisheher Fortress and the western part of the city, and the representatives of other nations lived mainly in the industrial zone and in the northern part of the city. Baga (now bagh) and kuy are the Old Persian words for "god" and "town" respectively; the name Baghkuy may be compared with Baghdd ("God-given") in which dd is the Old Persian word for "give". As of 2012[update], the city along with Ganja and Lankaran participates in Earth Hour movement. However, the militarily superior Russians ended this war with a victory as well, and the resulting Treaty of Turkmenchay (1828) made Baku's inclusion in the Russian Empire definite. The SCWRA manages the registration process and may appeal to the courts to suspend a religious groups activities. An individual close to the family told Forum 18, The parents chose the name for religious reasons. Rent is usually counted as a separate cost. [9], In the post-soviet period, although the majority of Azerbaijan's population still nominally identifies with Islam, studies show that the Azerbaijani society has remained relatively secular in the years following the collapse of the Soviet Union. The city, however, continues to lack a green belt development as economic activity pours into the capital, resulting in massive housing projects along the suburbs.[107]. It protects freedom of religion, including the right of individuals to profess, individually or together with others, any religion, or to profess no religion, and to express and spread religious beliefs. Approximately 15,000 to 20,000 Jews live in Baku, with smaller communities throughout the country. The statistics show that there were 7.431 Turkic-speaking Muslims living in the city. The released individuals included two religious activists whom human rights advocates considered political prisoners, including one person arrested after a large November 2015 police operation targeting members of MUM. It's cleaner in Baku than elsewhere, but it's still not drinkable. The law requires religious organizations termed associations in the countrys legal code and encompassing religious groups, communities, and individual congregations of a denomination to register with the government through the SCWRA. [25] Zubov had sent 13,000 men to capture Baku, and it was overrun subsequently without any resistance. At the census 2011, out of the 1.21 billion population, 172 million (14.23%) as Muslims or followers of Islam. Vagit Alekperov, President of the leading Russian oil company LUKOIL. Coordinator for the Arctic Region, Deputy Secretary of State for Management and Resources, Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization, Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security, Bureau of Arms Control, Verification and Compliance, Bureau of International Security and Nonproliferation, Under Secretary for Civilian Security, Democracy, and Human Rights, Bureau of Conflict and Stabilization Operations, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs, Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration, Office of International Religious Freedom, Office of the Special Envoy To Monitor and Combat Antisemitism, Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons, Under Secretary for Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment, Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs, Office of the Science and Technology Adviser, Bureau of the Comptroller and Global Financial Services, Bureau of Information Resource Management, Office of Management Strategy and Solutions, Bureau of International Organization Affairs, Bureau of South and Central Asian Affairs, Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs, U.S. Jehovahs Witnesses were registered only in Baku. B. There is no religious component in the curriculum of public or private elementary or high schools; however, students may obtain after-school religious instruction at registered institutions. Today the religion, culture, and traditions of Zoroastrianism remain highly respected in Azerbaijan, and Novruz continues to be the main holiday in the country. Between the 12th and 14th centuries, massive fortifications were built in Baku and the surrounding towns. The government did not exercise control over the Nagorno-Karabakh region or surrounding territories throughout much of the year. The port's throughput capacity reaches 15million tonness of liquid bulk and up to 10million tons of dry cargoes. The intensive growth of the population started in the middle of the 19th century when Baku was a small town with a population of about 7,000 people. About 49.8 percent of the population is men, and 50.2 per cent are women. The massive exploitation of oil fields in Baku caused the rapid urban growth. Seven of the original 11 synagogues, including the Gilah synagogue, built in 1896, and the large Kruei Synagogue, were renovated. There are three synagogues in Baku and a few in the provinces. On April 6, a presidential pardon released a number of individuals over the age of 65 because of concerns over COVID-19-related risks to elderly prisoners. The 2014 International Commission of Inquiry on the Central African Republic reported a significant percentage of Muslims had fled to neighboring countries; their return during the year remained a slow process. Hundreds of others are still waiting to hear from the authorities. Baku is also featured in the video game Battlefield 4.[104]. The construction was planned to take place in three stages and to be completed by 2016. Restaurants range from luxurious and expensive to ordinary and affordable. In September 2020 war broke out between Azerbaijan and Armenia over Nagorno-Karabakh. The city is renowned for its harsh winds, which is reflected in its nickname, the "City of Winds". [35], Giovanni Lajolo made the following statements: "We are satisfied with the level of friendly communications between Azerbaijan and Vatican". The Azerbaijanis suffered defeat from the united forces of the Baku Soviet and were massacred by Dashnak teams in what was called the March Days. The country is a party to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. Around 100,000 years ago, savanna rich in flora and fauna covered the territory of present-day Baku and Absheron. When the Church of Zoravor St. Astvatsatsin was constructed in 2017 by Armenia-supported de facto authorities as a military chapel, Azerbaijan formally protested the construction on occupied lands in a depopulated area as a violation of international humanitarian law. Baku was the major oil city of the Soviet Union. There was reportedly no evidence the site was used for military purposes. Nor is the city (or country) exclusively steeped in Islamic city. In two separate decisions in January and June, the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) ruled the government had violated the religious freedom rights of five individuals by subjecting them to excessively long pretrial detention (between five and 10 months) under the European Convention on Human Rights and ordered it to pay compensation. An estimated 3,00012,000 Azerbaijanis were killed in their own capital. An industrial area of oil refineries, better known as Black Town (Russian: ), developed near Baku by the early 1880s.[31]. In addition, there are the Baku Music Academy and the Azerbaijan National Conservatoire in Baku established in the early 1920s. [99][100] Among Baku's prominent annual fairs and festivals is Baku International Jazz Festival, which features some of the world's most identifiable jazz names. In June, amendments to the criminal code entered into force that added the alternative punishment of restriction of freedom (probation) two to four years in cases involving an individual first-time offender and two to five years in aggravated cases to the preexisting punishments. It lies on the western shore of the Caspian Sea and the southern side of the Aberon Peninsula alongside the Bay of Baku.
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