Angelucci, Enzo; Paolo Matricardi and Adriano Zannino. V, SDA, and SIL must be broadcast within 10 seconds. (b) Aircraft operations other than for the purpose of air navigation. (g) No person may operate an aircraft issued an experimental certificate under 21.191(i)(1) of this chapter to tow a glider that is a light-sport aircraft or unpowered ultralight vehicle for compensation or hire or to conduct flight training for compensation or hire in an aircraft which that persons provides unless within the preceding 100 hours of time in service the aircraft has -, (1) Been inspected by a certificated repairman (light-sport aircraft) with a maintenance rating, an appropriately rated mechanic, or an appropriately rated repair station in accordance with inspection procedures developed by the aircraft manufacturer or a person acceptable to the FAA; or. If VOR navigation equipment is required under paragraph (d)(2) of this section, no person may operate a U.S.-registered civil aircraft within the 50 states and the District of Columbia at or above FL 240 unless that aircraft is equipped with approved DME or a suitable RNAV system. 91-296, 72 FR 31678, June 7, 2007; Amdt. (b) General. Just 101 seconds after leaving the runway, the jet hit the Arabian Sea at an estimated 35-degree nose-down angle. (2) If ground visibility is not reported at that airport, unless flight visibility during landing or takeoff, or while operating in the traffic pattern is at least 3 statute miles. The accident occurred at night in low visibility from fog. Except in an emergency or if otherwise necessary for safety of flight, or unless otherwise authorized by the responsible Flight Standards office for a purpose listed in Section 3(b), no person may operate an aircraft in the Special Flight Rules Area within the following areas: 91.141 Flight restrictions in the proximity of the Presidential and other parties. (a) All airspace: U.S.-registered civil aircraft. The aircraft operating Pan Am Flight 103 was a Boeing 747-121, registered N739PA and named Clipper Maid of the Seas; prior to 1979, it had been named Clipper Morning Light. All communication between SK933, 67T and air traffic control was occurring on the same frequency. The failure to complete the Special Awareness Training course on flying in and around the Washington, DC Metropolitan Area is not a violation of this section if an emergency is declared by the pilot, as described under 91.3(b), or there was a failure of two-way radio communications when operating under IFR as described under 91.185. (d) The pilot in command of the aircraft for which a load manifest must be prepared must carry a copy of the completed load manifest in the aircraft to its destination. Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. (ii) Within a tolerance band of 130 feet under nonturbulent, nongust conditions for aircraft for which application for type certification occurred on or before April 9, 1997, that are equipped with an automatic altitude control system with flight management/performance system inputs. (d) When a NOTAM has been issued in accordance with this section, no person may operate an aircraft or device, or engage in any activity within the designated airspace area, except in accordance with the authorizations, terms, and conditions of the temporary flight restriction published in the NOTAM, unless otherwise authorized by: (2) A Flight Standards Certificate of Waiver or Authorization issued for the demonstration or event. (4) The performance must be determined at a maximum weight not greater than the weight determined under 25.121(c) of this chapter but with -, (i) The actual steady gradient of the final takeoff climb requirement not less than 1.2 percent at the end of the takeoff path with two critical engines inoperative; and. (2) Two-way radio communication and navigation equipment suitable for the route to be flown. [33], The nose-gear light indicators were designed to be fail safe by having two separate light bulbs. (3) Sections 91.803, 91.819, and 91.821 apply to U.S.-registered civil supersonic airplanes having standard airworthiness certificates and to foreign-registered civil supersonic airplanes that, if registered in the United States, would be required by this chapter to have U.S. standard airworthiness certificates in order to conduct the operations intended for the airplane. (a) No program manager may permit the operation of an aircraft, other than a turbojet aircraft, for which two pilots are required by the type certification requirements of this chapter for operations under VFR, if it has not previously proved such an aircraft in operations under this part in at least 25 hours of proving tests acceptable to the Administrator including -. A radio altimeter must meet the performance criteria of this paragraph for original approval and after each subsequent alteration. (c) Each person performing required inspections in addition to other maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alterations, must organize the performance of those functions so as to separate the required inspection functions from the other maintenance, preventive maintenance, or alteration functions. (2) If the aircraft radio fails in flight under VFR, the pilot in command may operate that aircraft and land if -. (2) The DA/DH prescribed for the pilot in command. (b) Any operator that eliminates or modifies more Stage 2 airplanes pursuant to 91.865(b) than required as of December 31, 1994, or December 31, 1996, may count the number of additional Stage 2 airplanes reduced as a credit toward -, (1) The number of Stage 2 airplanes it would otherwise be required to reduce following a subsequent interim compliance date specified in 91.865(b); or. (d) Unless otherwise authorized by the Administrator, when any program aircraft is flown in program operations with passengers onboard, the crew must consist of at least two qualified pilots employed or contracted by the program manager or the fractional owner. 91.706 Operations within airspace designed as Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum Airspace. An automatic approach coupler must provide at least automatic steering in relation to an ILS localizer. "The holding will call into question many other regulations that protect consumers with respect to credit cards, bank accounts, mortgage loans, debt collection, credit reports, and identity theft," tweeted Chris Peterson, a former enforcement attorney at the CFPB who is now a law professor Vette published a book about the Flight 901 disaster, called Impact Erebus. (2) The base level of a foreign air carrier shall be decreased by the amount of foreign air carrier base level transferred with a Stage 2 airplane to another person under 91.863. (i) At the 100-foot decision height, the indicated airspeed and heading are satisfactory for a normal flare and landing (speed must be plus or minus 5 knots of programmed airspeed, but may not be less than computed threshold speed if autothrottles are used); (ii) The aircraft at the 100-foot decision height, is positioned so that the cockpit is within, and tracking so as to remain within, the lateral confines of the runway extended; (iii) Deviation from glide slope after leaving the outer marker does not exceed 50 percent of full-scale deflection as displayed on the ILS indicator; (iv) No unusual roughness or excessive attitude changes occur after leaving the middle marker; and. This proved to be inadequate, as it was impossible to look through the cover to check whether one of the bulbs had been compromised, meaning that a failure of one bulb would not be detected until both bulbs malfunctioned. (a) Each program manager who maintains program aircraft under a CAMP must establish and maintain a system for the continuing analysis and surveillance of the performance and effectiveness of its inspection program and the program covering other maintenance, preventive maintenance, and alterations and for the correction of any deficiency in those programs, regardless of whether those programs are carried out by employees of the program manager or by another person. Atlanta, GA (Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport), Baltimore, MD (Baltimore/Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport), Boston, MA (General Edward Lawrence Logan International Airport), Chantilly, VA (Washington Dulles International Airport), Charlotte, NC (Charlotte/Douglas International Airport), Chicago, IL (Chicago-O'Hare International Airport), Cleveland, OH (Cleveland-Hopkins International Airport), Covington, KY (Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport), Dallas, TX (Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport), Denver, CO (Denver International Airport), Detroit, MI (Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport), Honolulu, HI (Honolulu International Airport), Houston, TX (George Bush Intercontinental/Houston Airport), Kansas City, MO (Kansas City International Airport), Las Vegas, NV (McCarran International Airport), Los Angeles, CA (Los Angeles International Airport), Memphis, TN (Memphis International Airport), Minneapolis, MN (Minneapolis-St. Paul International/Wold-Chamberlain Airport), Newark, NJ (Newark Liberty International Airport), New Orleans, LA (Louis Armstrong New Orleans International Airport), New York, NY (John F. Kennedy International Airport), Orlando, FL (Orlando International Airport), Philadelphia, PA (Philadelphia International Airport), Phoenix, AZ (Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport), Pittsburgh, PA (Pittsburgh International Airport), St. Louis, MO (Lambert-St. Louis International Airport), Salt Lake City, UT (Salt Lake City International Airport), San Diego, CA (Miramar Marine Corps Air Station), San Diego, CA (San Diego International Airport), San Francisco, CA (San Francisco International Airport), Seattle, WA (Seattle-Tacoma International Airport), Washington, DC (Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport), Section 2. 355730 N., long. Studies started in 1954, and France and the UK signed a treaty establishing the development project on 29 November 1962, as the programme cost was estimated at 70 million 91.503 Flying equipment and operating information. All approved materials are available for inspection at the FAA's Office of Rulemaking (ARM-1), 800 Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 20590 (telephone 202-267-9677), or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). 1) and (a)(3)(iii)(B)( 1590000.00 E.; to Lat. 91.529 Flight engineer requirements. (c) An application for management specifications will be denied if the Administrator finds that the applicant is not properly or adequately equipped or is not able to conduct safe operations under this part. 91.871 Waivers from interim compliance requirements. (1) The aircraft has functioning deicing or anti-icing equipment protecting each rotor blade, propeller, windshield, wing, stabilizing or control surface, and each airspeed, altimeter, rate of climb, or flight attitude instrument system; (2) The airplane has ice protection provisions that meet section 34 of Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. The shoulder harness or restraint system installation at each flightcrew station must permit the flightcrew member, when seated and with the safety belt and shoulder harness fastened or the restraint system engaged, to perform all functions necessary for flight operation. [19], Three cabin crew and twelve passengers were killed in the impact. Once it had been done, they had a much better approximation of Prochnow's position. 91-349, 82 FR 46132, Oct. 4, 2017], [Doc. (a) No person may take off any transport category airplane (other than a turbine-engine-powered airplane certificated after September 30, 1958) unless -. 91-267, 66 FR 21066, Apr. (xi) A person conducting operations under part 125 of this chapter must conduct the operation in accordance with operations specifications authorizing the use of EFVS or, for a holder of a part 125 letter of deviation authority, a letter of authorization for the use of EFVS. (4) After December 31, 1998, at least 75 percent of the fleet on U.S. operations specifications of a new entrant foreign air carrier must comply with Stage 3 noise levels. 91-322, 76 FR 31823, June 2, 2011], [Amdt. A helicopter may be operated clear of clouds in an airport traffic pattern within Owner means any person that has indicia of ownership sufficient to register the airplane in the United States pursuant to part 47 of this chapter. (g) The Administrator may authorize deviations from this section if the Administrator finds that special circumstances make full compliance with this section unnecessary. Section 121.429 of this chapter does not apply to program managers conducting operations under this subpart when those operations use only one pilot. (a) No person may take off an airplane for a flight over water more than 50 nautical miles from the nearest shore unless that airplane is equipped with a life preserver or an approved flotation means for each occupant of the airplane. 91-317, 75 FR 48857, Aug. 12, 2010; Amdt. (7) For all models of the Boeing 747, the flight cycle implementation time is 15,000 flights. (g) The initial and transition flight training for a flight instructor (simulator) must include the following: (1) Training and practice in the required normal, abnormal, and emergency procedures to ensure competence to conduct the flight instruction required by this subpart. It may be supplemented by printed cards for the use of each passenger containing -, (1) A diagram of, and methods of operating, the emergency exits; and. This prohibition applies to airways M853 and N604. (4) One-time leadership and command and mentoring training. (b) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, each person conducting a VOR check under paragraph (a)(2) of this section shall -, (1) Use, at the airport of intended departure, an FAA-operated or approved test signal or a test signal radiated by a certificated and appropriately rated radio repair station or, outside the United States, a test signal operated or approved by an appropriate authority to check the VOR equipment (the maximum permissible indicated bearing error is plus or minus 4 degrees); or. (vii) The touchdown zone or touchdown zone markings. (iv) Cockpit Checklist, Model MU-2B-36, Type Certificate A2PC, MHI Document No. (1) If the aircraft radio fails in flight under IFR, the pilot must comply with 91.185 of the part. All progress reports must provide the information through the end of the calendar year, be certified by the operator as true and complete (under penalty of 18 U.S.C. This paragraph does not apply to a person who has been given a briefing before a previous leg of that flight in the same aircraft. The ground proximity alarm sounded and the first officer checked his altimeter. All flight instruments were recovered. (b) For the purpose of this section, a person directly in charge is each person assigned to a position in which that person is responsible for the work of a shop or station that performs maintenance, preventive maintenance, alterations, or other functions affecting airworthiness. 360400 N., Long. (2) Satisfactorily complete an approved line-observation program within the period prescribed by that program preceding the performance of any flight instructor duty in a flight simulator. (c) To be eligible to apply for the waiver under this section, a new entrant U.S. air carrier must initiate service no later than January 1, 1999, and must comply fully with all provisions of this section. (c) IFR. When a rule of this section gives another aircraft the right-of-way, the pilot shall give way to that aircraft and may not pass over, under, or ahead of it unless well clear. (c) No person may perform a required inspection if that person performed the item of work required to be inspected. 24458, 56 FR 65659, Dec. 17, 1991, as amended by Amdt. An altitude of 500 feet above the surface, except over open water or sparsely populated areas. (d) No person may be carried on a restricted category civil aircraft unless that person -. 91-253, 62 FR 13253, Mar. 91.191 Category II and Category III manual. [20] A search and rescue mission was quickly initiated by the United States Coast Guard. (e) Duration. Use of jet route UN303 is not authorized. (v) The current status of applicable airworthiness directives (AD) and safety directives including, for each, the method of compliance, the AD or safety directive number and revision date. and is divided into five degrees: Chevalier (Knight), Officier (Officer), Commandeur (Commander), Grand Officier (Grand Officer) and Grand Croix (Grand Cross).. (b) Management specifications will be issued to the program manager on behalf of the fractional owners if, after investigation, the Administrator finds that the applicant: (1) Meets the applicable requirements of this subpart; and. 1120847 W.) to lat. At the time, the first officer thought the aircraft was 14 nautical miles (26km; 16mi) from the VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) transmitter, while the captain thought they were 11 to 12 nautical miles (20 to 22km; 13 to 14mi) away. [24] It was SAS's third fatal crash, but the airline would not experience another until the Linate Airport disaster of 2001. (ii) Complies with Section 9 of this appendix. (iii) The withdrawal of the proposed amendment. If a control tower does not exist or is not in operation, the pilot in command must notify the FAA flight service station serving that controlled airspace before conducting any towing operations in that airspace; and. (iii) Notwithstanding any other requirement of this chapter, occupy an approved child restraint system furnished by the operator or one of the persons described in paragraph (a)(3)(iii)(A) of this section provided that: (A) The child is accompanied by a parent, guardian, or attendant designated by the child's parent or guardian to attend to the safety of the child during the flight; (B) Except as provided in paragraph (a)(3)(iii)(B)( 4) of this action, the approved child restraint system bears one or more labels as follows: ( 1) Seats manufactured to U.S. standards between January 1, 1981, and February 25, 1985, must bear the label: This child restraint system conforms to all applicable Federal motor vehicle safety standards; ( 2) Seats manufactured to U.S. standards on or after February 26, 1985, must bear two labels: ( i) This child restraint system conforms to all applicable Federal motor vehicle safety standards; and. This was not the DC-10, it was an oil rig, and Prochnow went towards it. (i) A safety link is installed at the point of attachment of the towline to the glider or unpowered ultralight vehicle with a breaking strength not less than 80 percent of the maximum certificated operating weight of the glider or unpowered ultralight vehicle and not greater than twice this operating weight; (ii) A safety link is installed at the point of attachment of the towline to the towing aircraft with a breaking strength greater, but not more than 25 percent greater, than that of the safety link at the towed glider or unpowered ultralight vehicle end of the towline and not greater than twice the maximum certificated operating weight of the glider or unpowered ultralight vehicle; (4) Before conducting any towing operation within the lateral boundaries of the surface areas of Class B, Class C, Class D, or Class E airspace designated for an airport, or before making each towing flight within such controlled airspace if required by ATC, the pilot in command notifies the control tower. 91-345, 81 FR 90175, Dec. 13, 2016], [Doc. (1) Prescribe the tests and checks required for pilots and flight attendant crewmembers and for the approval of check pilots in operations under this subpart; (2) Prescribe the requirements for establishing and maintaining an approved training program for crewmembers, check pilots and instructors, and other operations personnel employed or used by the program manager in program operations; (3) Prescribe the requirements for the qualification, approval and use of aircraft simulators and flight training devices in the conduct of an approved training program; and. (b) Unless otherwise authorized by the Administrator, no person may operate a civil aircraft in a Category II or Category III operation unless each ground component required for that operation and the related airborne equipment is installed and operating. This Special Federal Aviation Regulation (SFAR) No. (ii) In the airspace from the surface to 10,000 feet MSL within a 10-nautical-mile radius of any airport listed in appendix D, section 2 of this part, excluding the airspace below 1,200 feet outside of the lateral boundaries of the surface area of the airspace designated for that airport. Olympic Airways Flight 411 was a flight from Ellinikon International Airport bound for John F. Kennedy International Airport and operated by Olympic Airways using a Boeing 747-200 that on 9 August 1978, the engineer focused on the problems with the engines. 91.113 Right-of-way rules: Except water operations. 18834, 54 FR 34294, Aug. 18, 1989, as amended by Amdt. (10) Impact on non-participating aircraft. 91.126 Operating on or in the vicinity of an airport in Class G airspace. 91-268, 66 FR 23553, May 9, 2001; Amdt. 7, 2008; Amdt. (5) Time limitations, or standards for determining time limitations, for overhauls, inspections, and checks for airframes, engines, propellers, rotors, appliances, and emergency equipment of aircraft. (2) No pilot may cause to be moved on the surface, take off, or land a U.S.-registered civil aircraft (except a free balloon that incorporates a basket or gondola, or an airship type certificated before November 2, 1987) unless the pilot in command of that aircraft ensures that each person on board has been notified to fasten his or her safety belt and, if installed, his or her shoulder harness. (ii) 200 feet for aircraft for which application for type certification is made after April 9, 1997. 18334, 54 FR 34294, Aug. 18, 1989, as amended by Amdt. No person may conduct any program flight using any aircraft not listed. (c) No person may sell or lease an aircraft interest in a fractional ownership program that is smaller than that prescribed in the definition of minimum fractional ownership interest in 91.1001(b)(10) unless flights associated with that interest are operated under part 121 or 135 of this chapter and are conducted by an air carrier or commercial operator certificated under part 119 of this chapter.
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